Coarse 'gist' triggers top-down predictions that speed recognition

Correct: B — Low-spatial-frequency information sent quickly to orbitofrontal cortex, where it activates likely candidates that feed back to ventral processing

Bar (2003) proposed that low-spatial-frequency 'gist' information from a glimpsed image projects rapidly via the magnocellular pathway to orbitofrontal cortex. There it activates a small set of probable object candidates, whose representations feed back to refine and accelerate ventral-stream identification. The model accounts for evidence that orbitofrontal activity precedes detailed object recognition by roughly 50 ms and that recognition is faster when rough scene context is informative. This top-down predictive scaffolding is a precursor to modern predictive-processing accounts of perception, in which high-level priors continually constrain low-level interpretation of incoming visual input.